The female lac bug secretes a resin called shellac from trees in the forests of India and Thailand. This resin has long been prized for use in the food...
Modafinil and adrafinil: wakefulness-enhancing eugeroics
Modafinil and its less potent precursor adrafinil are popular modern nootropics credited with boosting brain power while reducing fatigue and sleepiness....
Citicoline: a nootropic that replicates a chemical in the brain
Citicoline is a naturally occurring brain chemical with the potential to support brain function and health....
Huperzine A: with roots in traditional Chinese medicine
Huperzine A, extracted from a Chinese club moss (Huperzia serrata), is used in traditional Chinese medicine. Its...
Vinpocetine: a synthesized plant extract that improves memory
Vinpocetine is a nootropic that could potentially help protect the brain from strokes or dementia. It is...
Natural vs. synthetic nootropics
Synthetic nootropics are created in laboratories and include prescription drugs such as modafinil, Adderall, Ritalin, and the racetam family (piracetam, oxiracetam, aniracetam)....
A very brief history of nootropics
Nootropics have an interesting history as cognitive enhancers, dating back to ancient civilizations that used traditional plant extracts and herbs...