Due to its potential to have cognitive-enhancing effects, artichoke extract, especially its main bio-active ingredient, luteolin, has attracted growing interest in the field of nootropics. This article intends to give readers interested in improving alertness, attention, and cognition a thorough overview of the nature, health benefits, ideal dosage, side effects, and potential drug interactions of artichoke extract (luteolin). The article will also go into great length about the chemistry of artichoke extract as well as the physiological processes through which it affects the body and brain.
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Nature of Artichoke Extract (Luteolin)
The asteraceae family includes the perennial artichoke (cynara scolymus), which is a native of the Mediterranean region. Its leaf extract is full of bio-active substances as sesquiterpene lactones, phenolic acids, and flavonoids. A naturally occurring flavonoid called luteolin is one of the most prevalent and researched substances in artichoke extract.
Health Benefits of Artichoke Extract (Luteolin)
The physiological and mental effects of artichoke extract (luteolin) are extremely diverse:
- Cognitive Improvement: In both animal and human research, luteolin has been demonstrated to boost numerous areas of cognitive performance, including memory, attention, and executive function. Its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neurotransmitter-modulating, and synaptic plasticity-enhancing properties are credited with its cognitive-enhancing effects.
- Neuroprotection: Luteolin’s anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties can shield the brain from oxidative stress, inflammation, and neurodegeneration, which can help stop or delay the onset of cognitive decline brought on by aging and neurological conditions like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease.
- Mood Enhancement: An improvement in mood is also possible, possibly as a result of luteolin’s potential antidepressant and anxiolytic properties, which can be mediated by its effects on neurotransmitter systems and inflammatory regulation.
Chemistry of Artichoke Extract (Luteolin)
The broad class of polyphenolic chemicals known as flavonoids, of which luteolin is a member, includes flavones as a subclass. The 15-carbon skeleton of flavones is made up of two phenyl rings (A and B) linked by a heterocyclic pyrone ring (C). The hydroxyl groups that are found in luteolin’s chemical structure at positions 5, 7, 3′, and 4′ of the phenyl rings are what give it its powerful anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
Physiological Properties of Artichike Extract
Many physiological properties such as the following, are responsible for the cognitive-improving effects of artichoke extract (luteolin):
- Antioxidant Properties: Luteolin has powerful antioxidant properties that can neutralise reactive oxygen species (ROS) and shield the brain from oxidative stress-related damage, which is linked to cognitive decline and neuro-degenerative diseases.
- Anti-inflammatory Effects: It has been established that luteolin has anti-inflammatory effects by reducing the generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-B), a crucial mediator of inflammation. This result might shield the brain from cognitive decline brought on by inflammation.
- Regulation of Neurotransmission: Dopamine and glutamate, two neurotransmitters that are essential for controlling cognitive function, have been found to be modulated by luteolin in terms of their release and reuptake.
- LTP: Luteolin may encourage long-term potentiation (LTP), a kind of synaptic plasticity crucial for learning and memory processes by regulating the production of synaptic proteins and affecting intracellular communication pathways.
Optimal Dosage of Artichoke Extract (Luteolin)
The most effective dose of artichoke extract (luteolin) varies from person to person and from supplement to supplement. Standardized artichoke leaf extract with various amounts of luteolin has been utilized in most research, with dosages ranging from 50 mg to 600 mg daily. Beginning with a lower dose and increasing it as needed based on effects and individual tolerance is the standard recommendation.
Side Effects of Artichoke Extract (Luteolin)
When consumed in the recommended doses, studies have shown that artichoke extract (luteolin) is safe and well tolerated. Some individuals may, however, encounter moderate GI side effects such nausea, diarrhea, or stomach distress. Taking artichoke extract with food or reducing the dosage typically alleviates these unwanted effects.
More serious side effects, such as allergic responses or bile secretion interference, have been recorded only seldom. Before beginning artichoke extract supplementation,individuals should talk to their doctor, especially if they have a history of medical issues or are already taking any drugs that could interact negatively with the supplement.
Potential Substance Interactions with Artichoke Extract (Luteolin)
There have been reports of possible drug interactions between artichoke extract (luteolin) and the following:
Using luteolin with anticoagulant or anti-platelet treatments may increase the risk of bleeding because luteolin has been proven to impair platelet aggregation. Those using these drugs should talk to their doctor before taking artichoke extract.
Luteolin’s possible vasodilatory properties may raise the risk of hypo-tension when combined with these drugs for the treatment of hypertension. Those who use artichoke extract in addition to blood pressure drugs may need close monitoring of their blood pressure and possible dose modifications.
Best Responsible Use of Artichoke Extract (Luteolin)
To make sure that artichoke extract (luteolin) is used in a safe and effective way as a nootropic supplement, individuals should consider the following:
1. Talk to a doctor or nurse before you start taking supplements, especially if you already have a health problem or are taking other medicine.
2. Start with a lower dose and slowly increase it based on the affects you see and how well you can handle it.
3. Keep an eye out for any side effects or possible drug interactions, and change the dose as needed.
4. Use artichoke extract (luteolin) along with a healthy diet, regular exercise, and enough sleep to improve your overall health and cognitive function.
Artichoke Extract (Luteolin): Conclusion
Artichoke extract supplements offer several health benefits due to their rich nutrient content and specific compounds. Remember to consult with a healthcare provider before starting any new supplements, including artichoke leaf extract. Overall, incorporating artichoke extract into your routine may contribute to better heart health and overall well-being.
References:
- Luteolin: A Flavonoid with Potential for Cognitive Enhancement and then link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6275574/
- Artichoke Extract and its Bioactive Compound Luteolin: Effects on Cognitive Function and Neuroprotection and then link: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnagi.2019.00005/full
- Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Luteolin and then link: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/tx025559u
- Artichoke Leaf Extract Reduces Mild Dyspepsia and then link: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0965229905000322
Important Note: The information contained in this article is for general informational purposes only, and should not be construed as health or medical advice, nor is it intended to diagnose, prevent, treat, or cure any disease or health condition. Before embarking on any diet, fitness regimen, or program of nutritional supplementation, it is advisable to consult your healthcare professional in order to determine its safety and probable efficacy in terms of your individual state of health.
Regarding Nutritional Supplements Or Other Non-Prescription Health Products: If any nutritional supplements or other non-prescription health products are mentioned in the foregoing article, any claims or statements made about them have not been evaluated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, and such nutritional supplements or other health products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
